These functions operate on groups of rows in SELECT queries with GROUP BY.
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|
COUNT(*) | Count all rows | SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users |
COUNT(column) | Count non-null values | SELECT COUNT(name) FROM users |
SUM(column) | Sum numeric values | SELECT SUM(total) FROM orders |
AVG(column) | Average numeric values | SELECT AVG(age) FROM users |
MIN(column) | Minimum value | SELECT MIN(created) FROM orders |
MAX(column) | Maximum value | SELECT MAX(total) FROM orders |
SELECT team, COUNT(*) AS headcount, AVG(age) AS avg_age
FROM employees
GROUP BY team
HAVING COUNT(*) > 5
ORDER BY headcount DESC
These are invoked as top-level commands, not as SQL functions. See the
Query Language Reference for full syntax.
| Algorithm | Description | Returns |
|---|
PAGERANK | Link analysis ranking | Node scores (0.0-1.0) |
BETWEENNESS | Bridge node importance | Node scores |
CLOSENESS | Average distance to all nodes | Node scores |
EIGENVECTOR | Influence-based ranking | Node scores |
LOUVAIN | Community detection | Community assignments |
LABEL_PROPAGATION | Community detection | Community assignments |
Used with the GRAPH AGGREGATE command on node/edge properties.
| Function | Description |
|---|
COUNT | Count nodes/edges matching criteria |
SUM | Sum of property values |
AVG | Average of property values |
MIN | Minimum property value |
MAX | Maximum property value |
GRAPH AGGREGATE COUNT NODES person
GRAPH AGGREGATE AVG NODE age person WHERE age > 20
GRAPH AGGREGATE SUM EDGE weight collaborates
Used with SIMILAR and EMBED commands for vector similarity search.
| Metric | Keyword | Range | Best For |
|---|
| Cosine similarity | COSINE | -1.0 to 1.0 | Text embeddings, normalized vectors |
| Euclidean distance | EUCLIDEAN | 0.0 to infinity | Spatial data, image features |
| Dot product | DOT_PRODUCT | -infinity to infinity | Pre-normalized vectors, recommendation |
SIMILAR [0.1, 0.2, 0.3] LIMIT 10 METRIC COSINE
SIMILAR 'doc1' LIMIT 5 METRIC EUCLIDEAN
The default metric is COSINE when not specified.
| Operator | Description |
|---|
+ | Addition |
- | Subtraction |
* | Multiplication |
/ | Division |
% | Modulo |
| Operator | Description |
|---|
= | Equal |
!= or <> | Not equal |
< | Less than |
<= | Less than or equal |
> | Greater than |
>= | Greater than or equal |
| Operator | Description |
|---|
AND | Logical AND |
OR | Logical OR |
NOT | Logical NOT |
| Predicate | Description | Example |
|---|
IS NULL | Test for null | WHERE name IS NULL |
IS NOT NULL | Test for non-null | WHERE name IS NOT NULL |
IN (list) | Set membership | WHERE id IN (1, 2, 3) |
NOT IN (list) | Set non-membership | WHERE id NOT IN (1, 2) |
BETWEEN a AND b | Range check | WHERE age BETWEEN 18 AND 65 |
LIKE pattern | Pattern matching | WHERE name LIKE 'A%' |
NOT LIKE pattern | Negative pattern | WHERE name NOT LIKE '%test%' |
EXISTS (subquery) | Subquery existence | WHERE EXISTS (SELECT ...) |
CASE
WHEN condition THEN result
[WHEN condition THEN result ...]
[ELSE default]
END
SELECT name,
CASE
WHEN age < 18 THEN 'minor'
WHEN age < 65 THEN 'adult'
ELSE 'senior'
END AS category
FROM users
CAST(expression AS type)
SELECT CAST(age AS FLOAT) / 10 AS decade FROM users